STRATEGIES TO IMPROVE EFFICACY IN OVINE ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION (Q3162725)

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Project Q3162725 in Spain
Language Label Description Also known as
English
STRATEGIES TO IMPROVE EFFICACY IN OVINE ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION
Project Q3162725 in Spain

    Statements

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    96,800.0 Euro
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    193,600.0 Euro
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    50.0 percent
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    1 January 2018
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    31 December 2021
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    UNIVERSIDAD DE LEON
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    24089
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    LAS EXPLOTACIONES OVINAS SON UN MODELO DE GANADERIA SOSTENIBLE, LIGADA AL TERRITORIO, QUE FIJA POBLACION EN EL MEDIO RURAL Y CON BAJO IMPACTO AMBIENTAL, POR LO QUE TIENE GRAN INTERES SOCIECONOMICO EN EL CONJUNTO DEL SECTOR AGROGANADERO. LA TECNIFICACION EN EL SECTOR OVINO ES PROBLEMATICA (CAUSAS ECONOMICAS, SOCIALES, ETC.) Y REQUIERE NUEVOS ENFOQUES PARA SU EVOLUCION. LA INSEMINACION ARTIFICIAL (IA), HERRAMIENTA BASICA PARA EL PROGRESO GENETICO, TIENE UNA LIMITADA DIFUSION POR LA PROBLEMATICA GENERAL DE LA ESPECIE Y LAS DIFICULTADES ESPECIFICAS DE LA INSEMINACION ARTIFICIAL OVINA (IAO). EN LA ACTUALIDAD, ESTA TECNICA SE APLICA CON IA CERVICAL VIA VAGINAL (SEMEN REFRIGERADO) POR LO QUE SE LIMITAN SUS POSIBILIDADES. EL USO DE SEMEN DESCONGELADO, DE INDUDABLE INTERES BIOTECNOLOGICO, REQUIERE UNA IA INTRAUTERINA CON LAPAROSCOPIA Y PRESENTA UN USO MARGINAL. ADMITIENDO ESTE ESCENARIO Y HASTA EL DESARROLLO DE UNA TECNICA DE IA INTRAUTERINA TRANSCERVICAL EFICAZ, LA MEJORA DE LA EFICACIA DE LA IAO PASA POR UN ANALISIS GLOBAL DE LA TECNICA, PARA IDENTIFICAR PUNTOS CRITICOS Y PROPONER SOLUCIONES QUE ELEVEN SU RENTABILIDAD, HACIENDO PROTAGONISTA AL GANADERO EN LA APLICACION DE LA IA._x000D_ DE NUESTRO ANALISIS, SURGEN TRES PROPUESTAS EN AMBITOS DISTINTOS PERO COMPLEMENTARIOS DE LA IAO. EN PRIMER LUGAR, PLANTEAMOS EL DISEÑO DE UN PANEL DE EXAMEN ANDROLOGICO, PARA LA VALORACION DE LA CAPACIDAD REPRODUCTIVA DEL SEMENTAL. SE PRETENDEN ESTABLECER RELACIONES DE LA FERTILIDAD DE LOS MACHOS (IA) CON UN ESPERMIOGRAMA DE 4 NIVELES DE COMPLEJIDAD: SISTEMAS BASICOS, CASA, CITOMETRIA DE FLUJO Y DIFERENTES PRUEBAS CLINICAS DE DIAGNOSTICO POR IMAGEN (ECOGRAFIA, ECODOPLER). UN PANEL EFICIENTE CONTRIBUIRIA A UNA MEJOR GESTION DE LOS CENTROS DE SEMENTALES (SELECCION DE MACHOS, RENDIMIENTO, ETC.), Y DE FORMA COLATERAL AL CONTROL REPRODUCTIVO DE LAS EXPLOTACIONES OVINAS (IDENTIFICACION MACHOS POTENCIALMENTE SUBFERTILES/INFERTILES; GARANTIA EN COMPRAVENTA). EN SEGUNDO LUGAR Y CON LOS LIMITANTES ACTUALES (SEMEN REFRIGERADO 15ºC; VIDA UTIL 6-8 H.), EL DESARROLLO DE UNA METODOLOGIA DE CONSERVACION SEMINAL A MEDIO PLAZO (HASTA 72-96 H.) SUPONDRIA UNA MEJORA SUBSTANCIAL EN LA LOGISTICA DE LOS CENTROS DE IA. PROPONEMOS ESTUDIAR UN MODELO DE CONSERVACION DE SEMEN LIQUIDO A 5ºC BASADO EN LA MODIFICACION DEL MECANISMO FISIOLOGICO DE INTERACCION PLASMA-ESPERMATOZOIDES QUE ACTIVA PROCESOS VITALES DEL ESPERMATOZOIDE DE FORMA IRREVERSIBLE. SE ENSAYARAN DIFERENTES POSIBILIDADES BASADAS EN LA ELIMINACION INICIAL DEL PLASMA SEMINAL, Y SU REINCORPORACION PRE-IA EN LA DOSIS O MEDIANTE EL EMPLEO DE MACHOS VASECTOMIZADOS EN EL MOMENTO DE LA IA. EN TERCER LUGAR PROPONEMOS UNA MEJORA DE LOS DOS MODELOS DE INSEMINACION EMPLEADOS EN LA ACTUALIDAD: 1º) SIMPLIFICACION DE LA IA VIA VAGINAL (MINIMIZACION DEL MANEJO DE LA HEMBRA, SUPRESION DE INSTRUMENTAL) QUE PERMITA SU USO POR EL GANADERO EN CONDICIONES DE EFICACIA RAZONABLE Y 2º) RACIONALIZACION DE LA IA LAPAROSCOPICA (REDUCCION A 1/2 DOSIS ESPERMATICA EN UN SOLO CUERNO UTERINO DE FORMA DIRIGIDA O ALEATORIA) PARA MEJORAR/MODULAR FERTILIDAD, PROLIFICIDAD Y SEX-RATIO EN IA DE ALTO COSTE (SEMEN DE ALTO VALOR)._x000D_ LOS RESULTADOS ESPERABLES SON DE TRANSFERENCIA INMEDIATA AL SECTOR. NUESTRO GRUPO TIENE EXPERIENCIA (>25 AÑOS) EN EL ESTUDIO, DESARROLLO Y TRANSFERENCIA DE DIFERENTES ASPECTOS DE LA IAO (FINANCIACION REGULAR CON PROYECTOS DEL PLAN ESTATAL DE I+D+I Y CONTRATOS DE INVESTIGACION/TRANSFERENCIA CON EMPRESAS/ENTIDADES PUBLICAS). (Spanish)
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    SHEEP FARMING IS A MODEL OF SUSTAINABLE LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION, LINKED TO TERRAIN, WHICH PROVIDES AN INCENTIVE FOR THE POPULATION TO REMAIN IN THE COUNTRYSIDE AND ALSO HAS A LOW ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT. THEREFORE, IT IS OF CONSIDERABLE SOCIOECONOMIC INTEREST IN FARMING. TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT IN THIS SECTOR HAS MANY PROBLEMS, ESPECIALLY ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL CAUSES, AND REQUIRES NEW APPROACHES FOR ITS EVOLUTION. ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION (AI), A BASIC TOOL FOR GENETIC DEVELOPMENT, HAS LIMITED DIFFUSION DUE TO THE GENERAL PROBLEMS OF THIS SPECIES AND THE SPECIES-SPECIFIC DIFFICULTIES ON THE OVINE ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION (OAI). CURRENTLY, THIS TECHNIQUE USES CERVICAL DEPOSITION OF COOLED SEMEN VIA THE VAGINA, WHICH LIMITS ITS POSSIBILITIES. THE USE OF THAWED SEMEN, WHICH IS UNDOUBTEDLY OF BIOTECHNOLOGICAL INTEREST, REQUIRES LAPAROSCOPIC DEPOSITION OF SEMEN INTO THE UTERUS, AND SELDOM USED AT PRESENT. TO DEVELOP AN EFFECTIVE TRANSCERVICAL INTRAUTERINE AI TECHNIQUE, THE WHOLE PROCEDURE MUST BE ANALYSED, TO IDENTIFY CRITICAL POINTS AND PROPOSE SOLUTIONS TO INCREASE ITS PROFITABILITY, INCLUDING ITS USE DIRECTLY BY THE FARMER. FROM OUR ANALYSIS, THREE PROPOSALS EMERGE IN DIFFERENT BUT COMPLEMENTARY AREAS OF THE OAI. FIRST, WE PROPOSE TO DESIGN AN ANDROLOGICAL EXAMINATION PANEL FOR THE EVALUATION OF THE REPRODUCTIVE CAPACITY OF THE MALES. THE AIM OF THIS STUDY IS TO ESTABLISH THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE MALE FERTILITY (AI) AND A COMPLEX SPERMIOGRAM WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS (BASIC ASSESSMENT, COMPUTER ASSISTED SPERM ANALYSIS -CASA-, FLOW CYTOMETRY) AND SEVERAL CLINICAL DIAGNOSTIC TESTS (TESTICULAR ULTRASONOGRAPHY AND ECODOPPLER ASSESSMENT). AN EFFICIENT ASSESSMENT PANEL WOULD IMPROVE THE MANAGEMENT IN THE ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION CENTER (MALE SELECTION, PERFORMANCE¿ETC) AND IMPROVE REPRODUCTIVE MANAGEMENT ON FARMS, BY IDENTIFYING POTENTIALLY SUBFERTILE/INFERTILE MALES. SECONDLY, THE CURRENT CONSTRAINTS OF USING COOLED SEMEN (15ºC) WITH A SHELF LIFE 6-8H), WOULD BE OVERCOME BY THE DEVELOPMENT OF A MEDIUM-TERM SEMEN CONSERVATION METHODOLOGY (UP TO 72-96H), WHICH WOULD LEAD TO A SUBSTANTIAL IMPROVEMENT IN THE LOGISTICS OF AI CENTERS. WE PROPOSE TO STUDY A MODEL OF PRESERVATION OF LIQUID SEMEN AT 5ºC BASED ON THE MODIFICATION OF THE PHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISM OF THE SEMINAL PLASMA-SPERM INTERACTION THAT ACTIVATES IRREVERSIBLE VITAL PROCESSES OF THE SPERMATOZOON. DIFFERENT POSSIBILITIES WILL BE TESTED BASED ON THE INITIAL ELIMINATION OF SEMINAL PLASMA, AND ITS REINCORPORATION IN THE DOSE PRIOR TO AI, OR THROUGH THE USE OF VASECTOMIZED MALES AT THE TIME OF THE AI. THIRDLY, WE PROPOSE AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE TWO TECHNIQUES OF INSEMINATION USED NOWADAYS: 1) SIMPLIFICATION OF VAGINA AI (MINIMIZATION OF THE MANAGEMENT OF THE FEMALE AND SUPPRESSION OF SOME INSTRUMENTS) THAT ALLOWS ITS USE DIRECTLY BY THE FARMER IN CONDITIONS OF HIGH EFFICIENCY; AND 2) RATIONALIZATION OF LAPAROSCOPIC AI (HALVING THE SPERM DOSE IN A SINGLE UTERINE HORN IN A DIRECT OR RANDOM WAY) TO IMPROVE/MODULATE THE FERTILITY, PROLIFICITY AND SEX RATIO IN AI WITH HIGH-VALUE SEMEN DOSES._x000D_ THE EXPECTED RESULTS CAN BE APPLIED IMMEDIATELY TO THE SECTOR. OUR RESEARCH GROUP HAS EXPERIENCE (> 25 YEARS) IN THE STUDY, DEVELOPMENT AND TRANSFER OF DIFFERENT ASPECTS OF THE OAI (REGULAR FINANCING WITH PROJECTS FROM THE STATE R&D&I PLAN AND RESEARCH/TRANSFER CONTRACTS WITH COMPANIES/PUBLIC ENTITIES). (English)
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    León
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    Identifiers

    AGL2017-83098-R
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