PREDICTING THE ESTABLISHMENT OF INVADERS IN A CHANGING ANTARTIDA: A BIOGEOGRAPHIC AND LOCAL ASSESSMENT OF THE RISK OF BIOTIC HOMOGENISATION (Q3143783): Difference between revisions
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PRÉDIRE L’ÉTABLISSEMENT D’ENVAHISSEURS DANS UNE ANTARTIDA CHANGEANTE: UNE ÉVALUATION BIOGÉOGRAPHIQUE ET LOCALE DU RISQUE D’HOMOGÉNÉISATION BIOTIQUE | |||
Revision as of 13:27, 2 December 2021
Project Q3143783 in Spain
| Language | Label | Description | Also known as |
|---|---|---|---|
| English | PREDICTING THE ESTABLISHMENT OF INVADERS IN A CHANGING ANTARTIDA: A BIOGEOGRAPHIC AND LOCAL ASSESSMENT OF THE RISK OF BIOTIC HOMOGENISATION |
Project Q3143783 in Spain |
Statements
54,450.0 Euro
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108,900.0 Euro
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50.0 percent
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1 January 2014
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31 December 2017
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UNIVERSIDAD REY JUAN CARLOS
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40°19'25.86"N, 3°51'53.71"W
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28092
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LOS PROCESOS DE INVASION BIOLOGICA SON UNA DE LAS MAYORES AMENAZAS PARA LA CONSERVACION DE LA BIODIVERSIDAD. EL ESTABLECIMIENTO DE ESPECIES INVASORAS EN NUEVOS AMBIENTES NO SOLO SE VE FAVORECIDO POR EL TRANSPORTE HUMANO (INTENCIONADO O ACCIDENTAL) DE FAUNA Y FLORAS NO INDIGENAS, SINO POR LAS DINAMICAS GLOBALES DE CAMBIO CLIMATICO Y POR PERTURBACIONES AMBIENTALES LOCALES. EL EXITO COLONIZADOR DE ESPECIES INVASORAS VA FRECUENTEMENTE UNIDO A LA SUSTITUCION DE ESPECIES ENDEMICAS UNICAS POR GENERALISTAS DE AMPLIA DISTRIBUCION GEOGRAFICA, DANDO LUGAR A PROCESOS DE HOMOGENIZACION BIOTICA. EL CONTINENTE ANTARTICO NO ESCAPA A ESTA AMENAZA. LA GRAN DISTANCIA A OTRAS MASAS DE TIERRA, JUNTO CON LOS PATRONES DE CIRCULACION ATMOSFERICA Y OCEANICA CIRCUMPOLARES, HA FUNCIONADO COMO BARRERA A LA DISPERSION NATURAL DE LOS ORGANISMOS. POR OTRO LADO, LAS EXTREMAS CONDICIONES CLIMATICAS HAN ACTUADO COMO UN SEGUNDO FILTRO PARA LA COLONIZACION. SIN EMBARGO, EL AISLAMIENTO BIOTICO QUE SE OBSERVA EN AMBIENTES TERRESTRES ANTARTICOS A ESCALAS TEMPORALES GEOLOGICAS Y EVOLUTIVAS, PODRIA VERSE COMPROMETIDO A ESCALAS DE TIEMPO ECOLOGICAS. EN LAS ULTIMAS DECADAS, LAS ACTIVIDADES HUMANAS HAN AUMENTADO OSTENSIBLEMENTE LA DISPERSION DE BIOTAS NO NATIVAS. LA DETECCION TEMPRANA Y RAPIDA ERRADICACION HAN IMPEDIDO EL ESTABLECIMIENTO DE MAS ESPECIES INVASORAS, PERO LOS AUMENTOS DE TEMPERATURA Y DISPONIBILIDAD DE AGUA ASOCIADOS AL CAMBIO CLIMATICO PODRIAN FAVORECER NUMEROSAS INTRODUCCIONES EN LOS PROXIMOS AÑOS. LA IDENTIFICACION DE POSIBLES ESPECIES INVASORAS Y LA PREDICCION DE SUS DINAMICAS DE DISTRIBUCION GEOGRAFICA RESULTA ESENCIAL PARA ANTICIPAR FUTUROS IMPACTOS SOBRE LA ESTRUCTURA Y EL FUNCIONAMIENTO DE LOS FRAGILES ECOSISTEMAS TERRESTRES ANTARTICOS._x000D_ _x000D_ EL OBJETIVO PRIORITARIO DE ESTE PROYECTO ES EVALUAR EL RIESGO DE INTRODUCCION DE ESPECIES INVASORAS DE ANIMALES Y PLANTAS EN LOS ECOSISTEMAS TERRESTRES DE LA REGION CONTINENTAL ANTARTICA, ESPECIALMENTE VULNERABLES A PROCESOS DE INVASION. EN PRIMER LUGAR, SE IDENTIFICARAN AQUELLAS ESPECIES NO INDIGENAS QUE TIENEN UNA MAYOR PROBABILIDAD DE ESTABLECERSE COMO INVASORAS. SE RECOPILARA INFORMACION SOBRE SU DISTRIBUCION GLOBAL, CARACTERISTICAS AUTOECOLOGICAS Y GRADO DE PARENTESCO FILOGENETICO PARA DETERMINAR SU POTENCIAL INVASOR. A ESCALA BIOGEOGRAFICA, SE UTILIZARAN MODELOS PREDICTIVOS DE DISTRIBUCION DE ESPECIES PARA CONOCER AQUELLAS LOCALIDADES QUE OFRECEN UNA MAYOR FAVORABILIDAD PARA SU ESTABLECIMIENTO EN BASE A DIFERENTES ESCENARIOS DE CAMBIO CLIMATICO Y GRADO DE ACCESIBILIDAD HUMANA. ESTA TECNICA PERMITIRA GENERAR MAPAS DE RIESGO DE INTRODUCCION Y UBICAR LAS ZONAS QUE REQUIEREN UNA ESPECIAL ATENCION E IMPLEMENTACION DE MEDIDAS DE PREVENCION. A ESCALA LOCAL, SE HAN SELECCIONADO ENCLAVES PARA REALIZAR EL SEGUIMIENTO EXPERIMENTAL DEL GRADO DE INTRODUCCION DE ESPECIES EXOTICAS DE FLORA Y FAUNA Y LA IDENTIFICACION DE CAMBIOS EN LA COMUNIDAD EDAFICA DE ARTROPODOS HEXAPODOS EN ZONAS ALTERADAS POR ACTIVIDADES HUMANAS. _x000D_ _x000D_ LOS RESULTADOS CONTRIBUIRAN A MEJORAR EL CONOCIMIENTO SOBRE LA SALUD DE LOS ECOSISTEMAS ANTARTICOS Y A ASEGURAR SU PROTECCION, ASI COMO A INTRODUCIR NUEVOS CRITERIOS CIENTIFICOS EN LA DISCUSION SOBRE MEDIDAS DE GESTION Y MITIGACION DE LOS IMPACTOS HUMANOS (DIRECTOS E INDIRECTOS) SOBRE ESTE TERRITORIO (Spanish)
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BIOLOGICAL INVASION PROCESSES ARE ONE OF THE BIGGEST THREATS TO BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION. THE ESTABLISHMENT OF INVASIVE SPECIES IN NEW ENVIRONMENTS IS ENCOURAGED NOT ONLY BY THE HUMAN TRANSPORT (INTENTIONAL OR ACCIDENTAL) OF NON-INDIGENOUS FAUNA AND FLORA, BUT ALSO BY THE GLOBAL DYNAMICS OF CLIMATIC CHANGE AND LOCAL ENVIRONMENTAL DISTURBANCES. THE COLONISING SUCCESS OF INVASIVE SPECIES IS OFTEN LINKED TO THE REPLACEMENT OF UNIQUE ENDEMIC SPECIES BY GENERALISTS OF WIDE GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION, LEADING TO PROCESSES OF BIOTIC HOMOGENISATION. THE ANTARCTIC CONTINENT DOES NOT ESCAPE THIS THREAT. THE GREAT DISTANCE TO OTHER LAND MASSES, ALONG WITH THE PATTERNS OF CIRCUMPOLAR ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC CIRCULATION, HAS FUNCTIONED AS A BARRIER TO THE NATURAL DISPERSION OF ORGANISMS. ON THE OTHER HAND, EXTREME WEATHER CONDITIONS HAVE ACTED AS A SECOND FILTER FOR COLONISATION. HOWEVER, THE BIOTIC ISOLATION OBSERVED IN TERRESTRIAL ANTARCTIC ENVIRONMENTS AT GEOLOGIC AND EVOLUTIONARY TEMPORAL SCALES, COULD BE COMPROMISED AT ECOLOGICAL TIME SCALES. IN THE LAST DECADES, HUMAN ACTIVITIES HAVE SHARPLY INCREASED THE DISPERSION OF NON-NATIVE BIOTAS. EARLY DETECTION AND RAPID ERADICATION HAVE PREVENTED THE ESTABLISHMENT OF MORE INVASIVE SPECIES, BUT THE INCREASES IN TEMPERATURE AND WATER AVAILABILITY ASSOCIATED WITH CLIMATIC CHANGE COULD FAVOR NUMEROUS INTRODUCTIONS OVER THE NEXT FEW YEARS. The IDENTIFICATION OF POSIBLE INVASOR SPECIES AND the Prediction of their GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION DINAMICTIONS ESSENTIAL RESULT TO ANTICIPATE IMPACT FUTURES ON STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONING OF THE FRAGILE ECOSYSTEMS TERRES ANTARTICOS._x000D_ _x000D_ _x000D_ _x000D__x000D__x000D__x000D__x000D__x000D__x000D__x000D__x000D__x000D__x000D__x000D__x000D__x000D__x000D__x000D__x000D__x000D__x000D__x000D__x000D__x000D__x000D__x000D__x000D_ the PRIORITAR OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROJECT is to evaluate the risk of introducing animal and plant species in the third ECOSYSTEMS OF THE ANTARTICA CONTINENTAL REGION, SPECIALLY VULNERABLE TO INVASION PROCESSES. FIRST, NON-INDIGENOUS SPECIES THAT ARE MORE LIKELY TO ESTABLISH THEMSELVES AS INVASIVE WILL BE IDENTIFIED. INFORMATION ABOUT ITS GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION, AUTOECOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND DEGREE OF PHYLOGENETIC KINSHIP WILL BE COLLECTED TO DETERMINE ITS INVASIVE POTENTIAL. AT BIOGEOGRAPHICA SCALE, PREDICTIVE SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MODELS WILL BE USED TO KNOW THOSE LOCATIONS THAT OFFER GREATER FAVORABILITY FOR THEIR ESTABLISHMENT BASED ON DIFFERENT CLIMATE CHANGE SCENARIOS AND DEGREE OF HUMAN ACCESSIBILITY. THIS TECHNIQUE WILL ALLOW TO GENERATE RISK MAPS OF INTRODUCTION AND LOCATE THE AREAS THAT REQUIRE A SPECIAL ATTENTION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF PREVENTION MEASURES. AT LOCAL LEVEL, ENCLAVES HAVE BEEN SELECTED FOR EXPERIMENTAL MONITORING OF THE DEGREE OF INTRODUCTION OF EXOTIC SPECIES OF FLORA AND FAUNA AND IDENTIFICATION OF CHANGES IN THE EDAPHIC COMMUNITY OF HEXAPOD ARTROPODOS IN AREAS ALTERED BY HUMAN ACTIVITIES. _x000D_ _x000D_ the RESULTS will contribute to improving the knowledge on the health of the Antarctic ECOSYSTEMS AND to ensure their protection, as well as to enter new scientific crises into the discussion on the management and mitigation of HUMAN IMPACTS (Directs and INDIRECTS) on these territories (English)
12 October 2021
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Móstoles
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Identifiers
CTM2013-47381-P
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