EXPLOITATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL BACTERIA ADAPTED TO WATER SCARCITY FOR BIOPROCESS ENGINEERING IN SOLID PHASE (Q3179455): Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 20:55, 10 October 2021
Project Q3179455 in Spain
| Language | Label | Description | Also known as |
|---|---|---|---|
| English | EXPLOITATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL BACTERIA ADAPTED TO WATER SCARCITY FOR BIOPROCESS ENGINEERING IN SOLID PHASE |
Project Q3179455 in Spain |
Statements
54,450.0 Euro
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108,900.0 Euro
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50.0 percent
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1 January 2019
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31 December 2021
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UNIVERSIDAD DE VALENCIA
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39°30'14.11"N, 0°26'31.56"W
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46190
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LAS BACTERIAS AMBIENTALES SE DESARROLLAN EN UNA AMPLIA GAMA DE AMBIENTES, INCLUYENDO EL AGUA DULCE Y DE MAR. PERO LA MAYORIA DE LOS NICHOS MICROBIANOS TIENEN UN SUMINISTRO RELATIVAMENTE LIMITADO DE AGUA. EL SUELO, UNO DE LOS PRINCIPALES RESERVORIOS DE DIVERSIDAD MICROBIANA, ASI COMO UNA DE LAS PRINCIPALES FUENTES DE MICROORGANISMOS CON APLICACIONES BIOTECNOLOGICAS, ES UN EJEMPLO TIPICO DE SUSTRATO SOLIDO HETEROGENEO Y LIMITADO EN AGUA DONDE, SIN EMBARGO, LA BIODIVERSIDAD MICROBIANA MEDRA. EN CONTRASTE CON LA SITUACION DE LA NATURALEZA, LOS CULTIVOS MICROBIANOS SE REALIZAN EN EL LABORATORIO CON UN SUMINISTRO FIJO DE AGUA, COMO ES EL CASO DE LOS LLAMADOS MEDIOS "SOLIDOS" (PLACAS DE AGAR) O DE LOS MEDIOS LIQUIDOS UTILIZADOS DURANTE DECADAS PARA EL CULTIVO DE CEPAS BACTERIANAS Y FUNGICAS._x000D_ ESTE SUBPROYECTO 1 DE SETH BUSCA EL DESARROLLO Y PRUEBA DE CONCEPTO DE NUEVOS DISPOSITIVOS DE CULTIVO QUE PERMITAN UN MEJOR AISLAMIENTO DE LOS MICROORGANISMOS XEROFILOS Y SU CRECIMIENTO EN REACTORES SIMILARES A LOS DE LA FERMENTACION EN ESTADO SOLIDO (SSF). SE PLANTEO LA HIPOTESIS DE QUE, DADA LA ESCASEZ DE AGUA EN MUCHOS ENTORNOS NATURALES, SE PODRIA UTILIZAR UN CONTENIDO LIMITADO DE AGUA EN CULTIVOS MICROBIANOS OPTIMIZADOS. COMPROBAMOS ESTA IDEA EN UNA SERIE DE EXPERIMENTOS PRELIMINARES EN MEDIO LIQUIDO Y SOBRE UN SUSTRATO SOLIDO (PAÑO DE LIMPIEZA COMERCIAL CON R2A). COMO DESCRIBIMOS EN LA PROPUESTA, VARIOS AISLADOS EXTREMOFILOS CRECIERON DE HECHO MEJOR EN TELA EMPAPADA QUE EN CONDICIONES LIQUIDAS._x000D_ PROPONEMOS DOS ENFOQUES PRINCIPALES: (1) DESARROLLO DE UNA HERRAMIENTA DE CRIBADO EN FORMA DE DISPOSITIVO DE CULTIVO SOLIDO CON DISPONIBILIDAD CONTROLADA DE AGUA. ESTE DISPOSITIVO PERMITIRA AISLAR LAS CEPAS AMBIENTALES A UNA MAYOR VELOCIDAD QUE LOS CULTIVOS ACTUALES BASADOS EN PLACAS DE PETRI. SE PROBARA ESTE DISPOSITIVO Y SE COMPARARA CON LAS TECNICAS DE CULTIVO HABITUALES, EN TERMINOS DE NUMERO Y DIVERSIDAD DE MICROORGANISMOS CULTIVABLES. ESPERAMOS QUE ESTE DISPOSITIVO AYUDE A RESOLVER UN PROBLEMA BIEN CONOCIDO EN ECOLOGIA MICROBIANA, LA "ANOMALIA DEL RECUENTO EN PLACA" (EL HECHO DE QUE LAS BACTERIAS CULTIVABLES SON SOLO UNA FRACCION DEL TOTAL). (2) UN ENFOQUE REFERIDO A LA FERMENTACION INDUSTRIAL. PLANEAMOS DESARROLLAR SISTEMAS MEJORADOS DE SSF PARA EL CULTIVO MICROBIANO, UTILIZANDO NUEVOS MATERIALES CON POROSIDAD DEFINIDA, Y PROBANDO CEPAS SELECCIONADAS EN CULTIVO PURO Y CO-CULTIVO. ESTO PERMITIRA ESTANDARIZAR EL PROCESO MEDIANTE LA DEFINICION DE LOS PARAMETROS BIOLOGICOS Y FISICOQUIMICOS DEL PROCESO Y SUPERAR LAS LIMITACIONES ACTUALES EN RENDIMIENTO Y REPRODUCIBILIDAD._x000D_ LAS CEPAS UTILIZADAS EN SETH PROCEDERAN DE: (I) NUESTRA COLECCION DE XEROTOLERANTES PROCEDENTES DEL PROYECTO ANTERIOR HELIOS; (II) UNA NUEVA COLECCION SELECCIONADA UTILIZANDO EL DISPOSITIVO DE BIOPROSPECCION DESCRITO EN LA PRESENTE PROPUESTA; (III) EVOLUCION EXPERIMENTAL CON LA PLATAFORMA EVOLVER, APLICANDO PRESIONES DE SELECCION (SIMULACION DE DESECACION EN NUESTRO CASO) DURANTE GENERACIONES. SE UTILIZARAN ANALISIS OMICOS PARA ESTUDIAR LOS DETERMINANTES MOLECULARES IMPLICADOS EN LA ADAPTACION A LA DESECACION. FINALMENTE, EL SUBPROYECTO INCLUYE EL DESARROLLO DE UN PROTOTIPO A MEDIA ESCALA PARA PROBAR EL FUNCIONAMIENTO DE LOS SISTEMAS DISEÑADOS A PARTIR DE LOS RESULTADOS OBTENIDOS, QUE COMBINARA EL CONOCIMIENTO GENERADO EN TERMINOS DE FACTORES ASOCIADOS A LA RESISTENCIA A LA DESECACION, ELECCION DEL SUSTRATO, DISEÑO DEL REACTOR Y CONDICIONES DE CRECIMIENTO. (Spanish)
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ENVIRONMENTAL BACTERIA CAN DEVELOP IN A WIDE RANGE OF ENVIRONMENTS, INCLUDING, BUT NOT RESTRICTED TO, SEA AND FRESHWATER. THAT SAID, THE VAST MAJORITY OF THE MICROBIAL NICHES HAVE A RELATIVELY LIMITED SUPPLY OF WATER AND/OR SUFFER FROM STATIONARY WATER DEPRIVATION. SOIL, ONE OF THE MAIN RESERVOIRS FOR MICROBIAL DIVERSITY AS WELL AS ONE OF THE MAIN SOURCES OF MICROORGANISMS WITH BIOTECHNOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS, IS A TYPICAL EXAMPLE OF A HETEROGENEOUS, WATER-LIMITED SOLID SUBSTRATE WHERE, YET, MICROBIAL BIODIVERSITY CAN FLOURISH. IN STRIKING CONTRAST WITH THE SITUATION IN NATURE, MICROBIAL CULTURES ARE CARRIED OUT IN THE LAB WITH A FIXED SUPPLY OF WATER, AS IT IS THE CASE IN THE SO-CALLED ¿SOLID¿ MEDIA (AGAR PLATES), LET ALONE THE LIQUID BROTHS USED FOR DECADES FOR CULTURING BACTERIAL AND FUNGAL STRAINS._x000D_ THIS SUBPROJECT FOCUSES ON THE DEVELOPMENT AND PROOF OF CONCEPT OF NEW CULTIVATION DEVICES THAT MAY ALLOW FOR AN IMPROVED ISOLATION OF XEROPHILIC MICROORGANISMS, AS WELL AS TO THE GROWTH IN SOLID STATE FERMENTATION (SSF)-LIKE REACTORS. WE HYPOTHESIZED THAT, GIVEN THE SCARCITY OF WATER IN MANY NATURAL ENVIRONMENTS, AND THE IRREGULAR DISTRIBUTION IN SPACE AND TIME OF WATER, A LIMITED WATER CONTENT COULD BE USED IN OPTIMIZED MICROBIAL CULTURES. IN ORDER TO CHECK THIS, WE PERFORMED A SET OF PRELIMINARY EXPERIMENTS IN LIQUID MEDIA AND ON A SOLID SUBSTRATE (COMMERCIAL CLEANING CLOTH SOAKED WITH R2A). AS WE DESCRIBE IN OUR PROPOSAL, SEVERAL EXTREMOPHILIC ISOLATES GREW IN FACT BETTER IN SOAKED CLOTH COMPARED TO LIQUID CONDITIONS._x000D_ SUBPROJECT 1 IS STRUCTURED IN TWO MAIN APPROACHES. THE FIRST ONE CONSISTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SCREENING TOOL IN THE SHAPE OF A CULTURING SOLID DEVICE WITH CONTROLLED WATER AVAILABILITY. THIS DEVICE WILL ALLOW TO ISOLATE ENVIRONMENTAL STRAINS AT A HIGHER RATE THAN CURRENT PETRI DISH-BASED CULTURING. THIS DEVICE WILL BE TESTED AND ITS YIELD COMPARED WITH THAT OF REGULAR CULTURE TECHNIQUES, IN TERMS OF NUMBER AND DIVERSITY OF CULTURABLE MICROORGANISMS. WE EXPECT THAT THIS DEVICE WILL CONTRIBUTE TO SOLVE A WELL-KNOWN ISSUE IN MICROBIAL ECOLOGY, THE ¿PLATE COUNT ANOMALY¿ (THE FACT THAT CULTURABLE BACTERIA ARE JUST A FRACTION OF THE TOTAL ONES). THE SECOND APPROACH REFERS TO INDUSTRIAL FERMENTATION. IN THIS SUB-OBJECTIVE, WE PLAN TO DEVELOP IMPROVED SSF SYSTEMS FOR MICROBIAL CULTURE, BY USING NEW MATERIALS WITH DEFINED POROSITY, AND BY TESTING SELECTED STRAINS IN PURE AND CO-CULTURE. THIS DEVELOPMENT AIMS AT STANDARDIZING THE PROCESS BY DEFINING ALL THE BIOLOGICAL AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF THE PROCESS TO OVERCOME CURRENT LIMITATIONS IN TERMS OF YIELD AND REPRODUCIBILITY. THE STRAINS USED IN THIS PROJECT WILL ORIGINATE EITHER FROM (I) OUR COLLECTION OF XEROTOLERANTS ISSUED FROM THE PREVIOUS PROJECT HELIOS; (II) A NEW COLLECTION GATHERED BY USING THE SPECIFIC BIOPROSPECTING DEVICE DESCRIBED IN THE PRESENT PROPOSAL; (III) STRAINS EVOLVED IN THE LAB WITH THE EVOLVER PLATFORM, WHICH ALLOWS TO USE SELECTION PRESSURES (SIMULATION OF DESICCATION IN OUR CASE) FOR MANY GENERATIONS. TRANSCRIPTOMIC AND PROTEOMIC ANALYSIS WILL BE USED TO STUDY THE TRANSCRIPTION AND TRANSLATION DETERMINANTS OF DESICCATION ADAPTATION. FINALLY, THIS SUBPROJECT WILL INCLUDE THE DEVELOPMENT OF A MID-SCALE PROTOTYPE TO TEST THE PERFORMANCE OF THE SYSTEMS DESIGNED FROM THE RESULTS OBTAINED, WHICH WILL COMBINE THE KNOWLEDGE OBTAINED IN TERMS OF DESICCATION RESISTANCE-ASSOCIATED FACTORS, SUBSTRATE CHOICE, REACTOR DESIGN AND GROWTH CONDITIONS. (English)
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Paterna
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Identifiers
RTI2018-095584-B-C41
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