ANALYSIS OF THE MODIFICATION OF THE OXIDATIVE CAPACITY OF THE ATMOSPHERE IN EUROPE DUE TO CHANGES IN EMISSIONS (Q3144343): Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 13:52, 10 October 2021
Project Q3144343 in Spain
| Language | Label | Description | Also known as |
|---|---|---|---|
| English | ANALYSIS OF THE MODIFICATION OF THE OXIDATIVE CAPACITY OF THE ATMOSPHERE IN EUROPE DUE TO CHANGES IN EMISSIONS |
Project Q3144343 in Spain |
Statements
78,650.0 Euro
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157,300.0 Euro
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50.0 percent
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1 January 2019
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31 December 2021
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FUNDACION CENTRO DE ESTUDIOS AMBIENTALES DEL MEDITERRANEO
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39°30'14.11"N, 0°26'31.56"W
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46190
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PESE A LOS ESFUERZOS RECIENTES EN LA REDUCCION DE EMISIONES EN EUROPA, UNA PARTE IMPORTANTE DE SUS HABITANTES SIGUE EXPUESTA A NIVELES POR ENCIMA DE LOS RECOMENDADOS POR LA OMS E INCLUSO SUPERIORES A LOS LEGALMENTE EXIGIBLES. ALCANZAR DICHOS NIVELES ES UNA PRIORIDAD POLITICA Y SOCIAL PARA REDUCIR LOS IMPACTOS NEGATIVOS DE LA CALIDAD DEL AIRE SOBRE LA SALUD HUMANA Y LOS ECOSISTEMAS. MUCHAS DE LAS POLITICAS Y MEDIDAS DE MEJORA DE LA CALIDAD DEL AIRE RECIENTES SE HAN CENTRADO EN EL DIOXIDO DE NITROGENO (NO2), UNO DE LOS CONTAMINANTES QUE PRESENTA MAYOR DIFICULTAD DE CUMPLIMIENTO A NIVEL LEGAL. ALCANZAR ESE OBJETIVO PASA POR REDUCIR LAS EMISIONES DE OXIDOS DE NITROGENO (NOX). NO OBSTANTE, CAMBIOS RAPIDOS EN LAS EMISIONES DE NOX PUEDEN CAUSAR UN IMPACTO NOTABLE EN LOS BALANCES FOTOQUIMICOS Y EN LA CAPACIDAD OXIDATIVA DE LA ATMOSFERA. LOS ESCASOS ANTECEDENTES AL RESPECTO INDICAN QUE LAS REDUCCIONES DE EMISIONES DE NOX RECIENTES HAN PODIDO LLEVAR ASOCIADO UN INCREMENTO SUSTANCIAL EN LOS NIVELES DE OZONO TROPOSFERICO (O3), GAS DE EFECTO INVERNADERO Y MUY PERJUDICIAL PARA LA VEGETACION Y LA SALUD HUMANA. EL O3 ES ADEMAS LA PRINCIPAL FUENTE DE RADICALES HIDROXILO (OH) EN LA TROPOSFERA, QUE INICIAN LA MAYOR PARTE DE REACCIONES DE OXIDACION, PRODUCIENDO NUEVOS CONTAMINANTES SECUNDARIOS, INCLUYENDO MAS O3. ADEMAS, LA OXIDACION DE COMPUESTOS ORGANICOS POR OH PUEDE AUMENTAR LA FORMACION DE AEROSOLES ORGANICOS SECUNDARIOS (SOA), QUE TIENEN CONSECUENCIAS PARA LA SALUD Y EL CLIMA. LA REDUCCION EN LOS NIVELES DE NOX TIENE TAMBIEN UNA GRAN INFLUENCIA EN LA FORMACION DEL RADICAL NITRATO (NO3), DE LOS QUE SON PRECURSORES, QUE ES EL PRINCIPAL OXIDANTE TROPOSFERICO EN LA ATMOSFERA NOCTURNA. ADEMAS DE SU INFLUENCIA EN LA OXIDACION DE COMPUESTOS ORGANCOS VOLATILES (COVS), VARIACIONES EN LA CONCENTRACION DE ESTOS RADICALES TAMBIEN TIENEN IMPLICACIONES IMPORTANTES EN LA FORMACION DE ESPECIES PARTICULADAS INORGANICAS Y A SU VEZ, EN LAS TASAS DE DEPOSITO DE SUSTANCIAS ACIDIFICANTES Y EUTROFIZANTES. EL PROYECTO CAPOX PROPONE INVESTIGAR ESTAS IMPLICACIONES A TRAVES DE EXPERIMENTOS EN LAS CAMARAS DE SIMULACION ATMOSFERICA EUPHORE (EUROPEAN PHOTO-REACTOR) Y DE LA MODELIZACION DE LA CALIDAD DEL AIRE PARA TODA EUROPA, PRESTANDO ESPECIAL INTERES A LAS ZONAS URBANAS. _x000D_ EL SUBPROYECTO 1 SE CENTRARA EN REALIZAR ESTUDIOS EXPERIMENTALES EN LAS CAMARAS DE SIMULACION ATMOSFERICA EUPHORE DE VARIOS ESCENARIOS REPRESENTATIVOS DE DISTINTAS CONDICIONES URBANAS CARACTERISTICAS (VARIACIONES DE NO, NO2, O3 Y OTROS OXIDANTES Y RATIOS NOX/COVS) TANTO EN CONDICIONES DIURNAS COMO NOCTURNAS.SE COMPARAN LOS RESULTADOS, CON LOS OBTENIDOS DE LAS SIMULACIONES NUMERICAS, ESPECIALMENTE EN LO QUE RESPECTA A LAS ESPECIES DE LAS QUE NO SE DISPONE DE MEDICIONES RUTINARIAS, TALES COMO RADICALES OH Y NO3, PAN, OVOCS, SOA, ETC Y SE REALIZARAN RECOMENDACIONES PARA LA REVISION DE LOS MODELOS Y PARA LA IMPLEMENTACION DE PLANES Y MEDIDAS. (Spanish)
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DESPITE RECENT EMISSION ABATEMENT INITIATIVES A LARGE PROPORTION OF EUROPEAN POPULATION AND ECOSYSTEMS ARE STILL EXPOSED TO AIR POLLUTION THAT EXCEEDS THE LEVELS PROPOSED BY THE AIR QUALITY GUIDELINES OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO) AND EVEN TO LEGAL EUROPEAN STANDARDS. MEETING SUCH AIR QUALITY STANDARDS CONSTITUTES A POLITICAL AND SOCIAL PRIORITY IN ORDER TO ALLEVIATE NEGATIVE AIR POLLUTION IMPACTS ON HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOSYSTEMS. MANY OF THE RECENT AIR QUALITY IMPROVEMENT POLICIES AND MEASURES HAVE FOCUSED ON NITROGEN DIOXIDE (NO2), ONE OF THE POLLUTANTS THAT PRESENTS HIGH DIFFICULTY OF ACCOMPLISHMENT AT THE LEGAL LEVEL. TO ACHIEVE SUCH A GOAL IMPLIES THE REDUCTION OF NITROGEN OXIDES (NOX). HOWEVER, RAPID CHANGES ON NOX EMISSION RATES MAY EXERT A CONSIDERABLY IMPACT ON PHOTOCHEMICAL BALANCES AND ON THE OXIDIZING CAPACITY OF THE ATMOSPHERE BOTH IN AND AROUND LARGE CITIES. ALTHOUGH THERE ARE FEW PREVIOUS STUDIES FOCUSING ON THIS TOPIC SPECIFICALLY, IT HAS BEEN SUGGESTED THAT RECENT NOX REDUCTIONS MAY HAVE BROUGHT ABOUT A SUBSTANTIAL INCREASE OF TROPOSPHERIC OZONE (O3) LEVELS. BESIDES BEING A GREENHOUSE GAS, O3 IS A SECONDARY POLLUTANT WITH HARMFUL EFFECTS ON ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN HEALTH. IN ADDITION, O3 IS THE MAIN SOURCE OF HYDROXYL RADICALS (¿OH) IN THE TROPOSPHERE, THE MOST INFLUENTIAL TROPOSPHERIC OXIDANT IN DAYTIME ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY. THE OH RADICAL INITIATES MANY OXIDATION REACTIONS IN THE TROPOSPHERE, LEADING TO THE FORMATION OF NEW SECONDARY PHOTOCHEMICAL SMOG POLLUTANTS, INCLUDING MORE OZONE. BESIDES, THE OXIDATION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS BY OH CAN ALSO INCREASE THE FORMATION OF SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOLS (SOA), WHICH HAS IMPLICATIONS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND CLIMATE. NOX ARE ALSO PRECURSORS OF NITRATE RADICALS (¿NO3), THE MAIN TROPOSPHERIC OXIDANT IN NIGHT REACTIONS, THEREFORE, NOX EMISSION ABATEMENT HAS ALSO CONSEQUENCES ON THE CONCENTRATION LEVELS OF THAT SPECIE. BESIDES BEING A VERY IMPORTANT CHEMICAL SINK FOR DIFFERENT VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (VOCS), THE NO3 RADICAL BUDGET PLAYS AN IMPORTANT ROLE ON THE FORMATION OF INORGANIC AEROSOLS AND, IN TURN, ON THE DEPOSITION RATES OF SUBSTANCES RELEVANT FOR ACIDIFICATION AND EUTROPHICATION PROCESSES. THE CAPOX PROJECT WILL INVESTIGATE THESE IMPLICATIONS THROUGH EXPERIMENTS AT THE ATMOSPHERIC SIMULATION CHAMBERS EUPHORE (EUROPEAN PHOTO-REACTOR) AND AIR QUALITY MODELING OVER EUROPE, FOCUSING ON URBAN AREAS._x000D_ _x000D_ SUBPROJECT 1 WILL FOCUS ON CARRYING OUR EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES AT THE EUPHORE SIMULATION CHAMBER BY THE SIMULATION OF REPRESENTATIVE SCENES OF CHARACTERISTIC DIFFERENT URBAN CONDITIONS (VARIATIONS IN NO, NO2, O3 AND OTHER OXIDANTS AND RATIOS NOX/VOCS, BOTH IN DAY AND NIGHT CONDITIONS. IT WILL ALLOW TO ASSESS THE RESULTS FROM NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS, ESPECIALLY AS REGARDS SPECIES WHOSE ROUTINE MEASUREMENTS ARE NOT AVAILABLE, SUCH AS OH AND NO3 RADICALS, PAN, OVOCS, SOA, ETC, AND WILL DETERMINE CRITICAL VARIABLES AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE REVISION OF MODELS AND FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PLANS AND MEASURES (English)
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Paterna
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Identifiers
RTI2018-097768-B-C21
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